Class & occupational structure
Measure social positions through work, authority, income and employment relations rather than one ranking alone.
Subject
Purpose
Persistent inequality studied through class, status, wealth, occupation, education, race, gender and intergenerational mobility.
Structure
Components → constraints → flows → control → failure
Social stratification connects distributions of resources to mechanisms of closure, inheritance, sorting and cumulative advantage across generations.
Measure social positions through work, authority, income and employment relations rather than one ranking alone.
Distinguish stocks from flows and study how assets, debt and transfers compound inequality over time.
Examine schooling as both skill formation and a sorting institution linked to family resources and labor markets.
Study how race, gender and other categories become linked to unequal treatment and opportunity through institutions.
Measure movement across generations while separating absolute structural change from relative chances of moving between positions.
income ≠ wealth
inequality ≠ poverty
mobility ≠ equal opportunity
Which mechanisms reproduce advantage even when formal rules are equal?
How much mobility reflects economic restructuring versus changed relative opportunity?
When does education reduce inequality and when does it reproduce it?
Administrative, longitudinal and intergenerational data are strongest; category definitions, attrition and selection can substantially alter inequality estimates.